@FolhaS:
First of all, in face of "new evidences", I'm gonna agree with what was shown a couple of posts ago, the guy Doffy was talking to was Spandam. And as you said, the guy seems to be a scared of Doffy's menacing words. Classic Spandam, bark loud then shit his pants.
That's not Spandam either because Spandam's hair covers his ears, whereas this guy's ears are completely visible.
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I have other evidence, but I'll settle for this one.
@FolhaS:
Now for the rest, I did not recall that the CP0 answered directly to the Celestial Dragons. The ranks betwen the WG and the Celestial Dragons is still a bit unclear sometimes, the WG was formed by those who became the Celestial Dragons but it seems the Dragons still have a random buttload of power and are not always idiots like Saint Charles and such.
Still, from what I understood the CP0 do not have authority, they are only a tool/intervention team for the Celestials Dragons, who hold the real authority. The same way the other Cypher Pols don't have more authority than the Marines, they simply are a tool/intervention team of WG outside the Navy for more private missions.
After thinking this matter through, I reached a different conclusion. I do not think CP0 are higher than the WG. Sakazuki's words were merely spiteful expression because he felt that his reputation was being besmirched.
I think 'higher up' refers to the Celestial Dragons. Furthermore, if you have noticed, when Sakazuki said that the matter was carried out above their heads, they found his words offending.
Why would they find his words offending if he was merely stating the truth? Were they sensitive to the truth or was it because Sakazuki was acrimoniously ridiculing them because they allowed the publication of the false report? I will go with the latter for now.
The WG is an enormous organization that should not be underestimated. It represents the unity of more than 170 countries in the One-Piece world.
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And, according to Robin's words, Dragon aims to extirpate it.
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For these reasons, I believe that an organization of this caliber cannot be under CP0.
Moreover, as you said, 800 years ago, it was created by 20 kings, also known as 'the creators', whose descendants are the Celestial Dragons.
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Notice that Doflamingo says that the families of the creators (the Celestial Dragons) reside in Mariejois 'reigning' over this world. This tells us a little more about their relation to the WG.
Concerning the reason why the CP0 have the government symbol on their ship, it is unknown to us why that is the case. However, it was stated that they take orders ONLY from the Celestial Dragons. This excludes everyone (including the five elders of the World Government) except the Celestial Dragons. This is why I told you it was independent of the Government.
In regard to the Government symbol, it appears that even the Celestial Dragons, who are above the WG, carry the symbol of the World Government on their ships.
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This does not mean that they are subordinates of the WG. Could the reason why they put the Government symbol on their ships be merely a display of power?
There are many things we still do not know about the WG. Just recently we discovered that the marines were just the facade of the World Government.
@FolhaS:
And if you do come up with anything more on this please do share, your posts where well written and researched, good stuff to get me thinking about the series.
With pleasure. And thank you.
@FolhaS:
Btw, another thing I though while checking some stuff for this posts.
Rayleigh is called the Dark King and he was the one who taught Luffy how to use haki, could it be that he was called the Dark King because of his mastery over haki? I guess it would be something akin to Vergo but much stronger.
No idea if the japanese wording can support or disprove this.
This is what I found concerning this matter.
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His epithet seems to be associated with 'death'. I do not think it is connected with haki because there is nothing yet that could create that connection. I'm afraid anything else I say about this will be pure conjecture.